Allergy Shots vs. Over-the-Counter Allergy Medications

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Man sneezing next to his over-the-counter allergy medications

 

Seasonal sneezing and itchy eyes got you down? You’re not alone. More than 100 million Americans suffer from some type of allergy each year. While over-the-counter (OTC) medications offer quick fixes, they might not be enough to keep symptoms under control long-term. That’s where allergy shots and other long-term solutions come in.

 

What are over-the-counter allergy medications?

OTC medications are often the first step in allergy relief. They treat mild to moderate symptoms caused by pollen, pet dander, dust mites and mold. Common types include antihistamines like Zyrtec®, Claritin® and Allegra®, which are used to reduce sneezing, itching and runny nose. Nasal Sprays (e.g., Flonase®, Nasacort®) are allergy medications that reduce inflammation and nasal symptoms. Finally, decongestants (e.g., Sudafed®) are recommended to relieve nasal congestion.

Pros:

  • Easy to access—no prescription needed
  • Fast-acting for many people
  • Good for short-term or seasonal use

Cons:

  • May require daily or continuous use
  • Don’t treat the root cause of allergies
  • Can cause side effects (e.g., drowsiness, dry mouth, elevated heart rate)
  • Often not enough for moderate to severe or year-round allergies

While these allergy medications provide fast relief, they are only a band-aid for your allergy symptoms. Immunotherapy is considered the only long-lasting allergy solution.

 

What is immunotherapy?

Allergy shots (also called immunotherapy) are a long-term treatment option that works to train your immune system to become less sensitive to allergens. This treatment involves a series of injections given over time, each containing small amounts of the substances you’re allergic to.

Pros:

  • Treat the root cause of allergies
  • Long-lasting relief—symptoms often stay reduced even after treatment ends
  • May reduce the risk of developing asthma or new allergies

Cons:

  • Requires regular appointments (especially early on)
  • Takes time to see the full results
  • Rare risk of serious allergic reaction—must be done in a clinical setting

 

Which allergy treatment is more cost-effective?

Cost can play a big role in deciding between allergy treatments. OTC medications are relatively inexpensive upfront, especially for mild, occasional symptoms, but those costs can add up if you’re using them daily year after year. 

Meanwhile, allergy shots involve more upfront investment (and time), but they can reduce one’s reliance on medications in the long run—potentially saving money and improving quality of life over time.

Most insurance plans cover allergy testing and immunotherapy, but coverage varies. It’s a good idea to check with your provider before starting treatment.

 

Which allergy treatment option is right for you?

In many cases, allergy shots and OTC medications can work together. Some patients start with OTC relief and graduate to allergy shots for long-term control. Others continue using OTC meds while getting shots during their build-up phase.

Treatment Type Treatment Duration Ease of Use Long-Term Relief? Doctor Supervision
OTC Medication Ongoing Easy No No
Allergy Shots 3-5 years Requires allergist visits Yes Yes

 

Over-the-counter allergy medication may be all you need if:

  • Your symptoms are mild and seasonal
  • You want quick, temporary relief (e.g., during high-pollen weeks)
  • You’re not ready to commit to a long-term treatment plan
  • You’re managing occasional allergy symptoms while traveling or visiting certain environments

Always follow the instructions on the label, and talk to your doctor if you’re unsure which medication to try.

 

Meanwhile, allergy shots may be right for you if:

  • Your symptoms are moderate to severe and interfere with daily life
  • OTC medications don’t provide enough relief or cause unwanted side effects
  • You want a long-term solution instead of daily symptom control
  • You have allergies that persist year-round (such as dust mites or pet dander)
  • You’re looking to reduce asthma flare-ups triggered by allergies

An allergy test to confirm your triggers to help aid your decision, but overall, the best treatment depends on your allergy type, symptom severity and lifestyle. A board-certified allergist can help you weigh your options and build a plan that fits your needs.

 

Still unsure which option is right for you?

Schedule an appointment with a board-certified allergist to learn more about your allergies, explore testing options, and find the best path to clearer breathing and fewer flare-ups.

 

About Family Allergy & Asthma

Founded in 1979, Family Allergy & Asthma’s practice network of allergy and asthma specialists provides high-quality, reliable and lasting allergy relief throughout Arkansas, Florida, Illinois, Indiana, Kentucky, Missouri, Ohio, Pennsylvania and Tennessee, and includes affiliates Allergy & Asthma Specialists (AAS), Asthma and Allergy Associates of Florida (AAAF) and Arkansas Allergy and Asthma Clinic (AAAC). For more information, visit www.familyallergy.com, and follow Family Allergy & Asthma on Facebook, Instagram and X.